Scores & indices

NEWS2 calculator

Seven observations, one number, and exactly what to do with it — review urgency and observation frequency per the Royal College of Physicians.

FreeNo sign-upWorks offlineNo patient data stored
Respiratory rate
Oxygen saturation
Air or oxygen?
Systolic blood pressure
Heart rate
Consciousness
Temperature
SpO₂ Scale 1 shown — use Scale 2 targets (88–92%) for hypercapnic respiratory failure per the prescribed target.A single parameter scoring 3 mandates urgent review regardless of total.Reference: Royal College of Physicians, NEWS2 (2017).

How to read the result

NEWS2 falls into these published bands.

< 5Low
5 – 6Medium
≥ 7High
Worked example

A breathless patient: raised respiratory rate, borderline saturations on oxygen, low blood pressure, and tachycardia.

NEWS2 10 — high risk: emergency response

Emergency assessment by a team with critical-care competencies, continuous monitoring, and a low threshold for higher care.

Who this is for

For ward and emergency staff tracking acute deterioration. NEWS2 standardises the response to illness severity: each vital sign is banded, the total maps to an escalation tier, and the tier sets the observation interval — from 12-hourly at 0 to continuous emergency response at 7 or more. In Paracelsus the score also drives per-patient observation timers and deterioration alerts.

How it works

What it calculates

The Royal College of Physicians' National Early Warning Score 2 — seven physiological parameters banded into a single score that standardises the detection of, and response to, acute deterioration.

Interpreting the result

0: routine 12-hourly observations. 1–4: 4–6 hourly observations and nurse review. 5–6 or any single parameter scoring 3: urgent clinician review and hourly observations. 7 or more: emergency response with critical-care competencies.

Worth remembering

Use the SpO₂ scale 2 only in confirmed hypercapnic respiratory failure, on senior instruction. The trend matters more than any single score — a rising NEWS2 is a call to the bedside.

Built on published evidence

  • Royal College of Physicians, NEWS2 (2017)

Codification last reviewed 2026-08-28, and checked against published reference values in automated tests on every release — see the full evidence ledger.

Questions clinicians ask

When do I use the SpO₂ scale 2?

Only in confirmed hypercapnic respiratory failure, on a senior clinician's instruction — using it by default under-scores hypoxia in everyone else. The tool keeps scale 1 as the default for exactly that reason.

What does a single parameter scoring 3 mean?

Even with a low total, any single vital sign in its extreme band mandates urgent review and minimum hourly observations per the RCP matrix — severe derangement in one system should never be averaged away.

Why does the trend matter more than the number?

A NEWS2 rising from 3 to 6 signals deterioration a static 6 does not. Paracelsus keeps each patient's reading history and flags rising scores for reassessment automatically.

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Information tool for healthcare professionals — not medical advice. Terms of use